The analysis of consistent interactions that can be introduced between a collection of BF models and a system of massless scalar fields, done in the context of antifield-antibracket symmetry by deformation to the solution to the classical master equation, exhibits two geometric structures related to the target manifold of the BF scalar fields: i) a Poisson one, due exclusively to BF sector and...
Abstract:
Ground-level zone (O₃) is a key air pollutant influenced by air pollutants and meteorological conditions. Understanding the causal relationships between ground-level ozone and (i) meteorological factors and (ii) other air pollutants is critical for two reasons: 1) accurately predicting and forecasting and 2) air quality management. This research investigates the causality and...
Traditional methods for evaluating microplastics in water environments are hindered by
complexity, accuracy issues, and inefficiency in processing large volumes of water
within realistic timeframes and costs. This patented approach introduces a novel
measurement technique—multispectral transmission evaluation using specifically
prepared pulsed, coherent emission in the visible spectrum....
Lead, a toxic heavy metal, poses significant threats to both environmental ecosystems and human health. Its persistence in the environment, coupled with its potential for bioaccumulation, are key factors contributing to its harmful impact. Given the interrelated nature of environmental components, lead can easily infiltrate the food chain, resulting in serious health risks for both humans and...
The primary goal of this work was to create an experimental setup for an easily feasible demonstration of Fresnel–Arago laws and the realization of a laboratory exercise using red and green laser light. Modern theoretical explanations of the interference of polarized light use complex mathematical apparatus for their derivation, with which many students are not acquainted. On the other hand,...
The Albanian National Radioactive Waste Storage Facility (NRWSF) is operated by the Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics (IANP) in accordance with internationally acceptance criteria, and is situated within IANP territory. This facility consists of two main parts: a] operational area; b] interim storage facility (area). Apart from office and sanitary space the building contains the following...
7Be and 210Pb air concentrations were measured by gamma spectrometer with a High Purity Germanium detector (HPGe). The data obtained on activity concentration for both radionuclides provide key information on the origins and movements of air masses. A routine air radioactivity monitoring has started since 2021 in a typical aerosol sampling station, ASS -500, located at the Institute of...
Industrial Radiographic Testing (RT) is a fundamental method within Non-Destructive Testing (NDT), widely applied for quality assurance and the evaluation of material integrity in metallic structures. This technique is essential for detecting internal welding defects, identifying volumetric discontinuities, and assessing both the external and internal geometries of components. RT primarily...
Radon monitoring in Albania has been focused on schools and workplaces, where radon is classified as an existing exposure risk. This study was conducted in Tirana, home to approximately one-third of Albania’s population. The geological profile of Tirana comprising recent volcanic rocks, granitic formations, and permeable soils near seismic zones contributes to increased indoor radon potential...
Institute of Applied Nuclear Physics (IANP) is the first government authority performing QC tests for radiological equipment used in every radiology department in Albania involving adherence to international guidelines and approval by our regulatory authorities. This study aimed at investigating the challenges facing the implementation of the QC program by radiographers and medical physicists...
The widespread use of antifungal drugs, such as Nystatin, has contributed to the emergence of resistant Candida strains, posing a significant challenge to public health. The presence of antifungal residues in wastewater further exacerbates this issue, necessitating effective removal strategies. The atmospheric pressure plasma generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which might interact...
Energy is very important due to the fact that the need for its exploitation has increased in recent decades. The utilization of various energy resources and the focus on environmentally friendly energy sources represents a major interest in today's world. In this material, we will demonstrate how biomass and other waste can be used to produce carbon bricks for use as an energy source in...
Using Thermionic Vacuum Arc technology were created nanostructured thin films using four material: graphite, titanium, silicon, and aluminum, with the inclusion of nitrogen, on the Si substrate. TDS analysis reveal the presence of nitrogen in all cases. The Raman spectra show that the nitrogen treatment of the films leads to the formation of nitrides for each compound. The infrared absorption...
This paper introduces the Complete Theory of Simplicial Discrete Informational Spacetime. This meticulously constructed and self-contained theoretical framework is designed to address the profound challenges at the intersection of quantum mechanics and gravity. It offers a novel perspective on cosmology and the emergence of spacetime. The framework is rigorously developed and exhaustively...
Keywords: Southeastern Bulgaria; air and soil temperatures; correlation analysis, ten-day data; soil temperature forecast
Air and soil temperatures are of paramount importance for both the growth and development of agricultural crops, as well as for organizing some basic ago-technical activities. Any change in air temperature leads to such a change in the soil surface and the layers for...
Human activities have negatively affected more than 70% of the Danube wetlands. Their restoration will benefit ecosystem services, including wetland and river biodiversity and carbon sequestration. The European Commission’s Mission “Restore our ocean and waters by 20230” targets not only Danube and Black Sea areas, but also meets a number of the UN sustainable development goals (SDGs), such as...
This paper presents the decommissioning process of a diagnostic and therapeutic nuclear medicine department located within “Mother Theresa” University Hospital. This department, operated for more than 25 years and served as the sole public provider of nuclear medicine services in the country, using radiopharmaceuticals based on iodine-131 and technetium-99m. Following the relocation of all...
Abstract. The analysis of plasma facing components (PFCs) of fusion machines using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique is widely distributed in the fusion community. Difficulties arise when the spectroscopic measurements of tritium retention are performed, particularly the resolving of deuterium (Dα) and tritium (Tα) Balmer alpha lines becomes a major issue.
This study...
In this work we present a new and reliable set of differential cross-sections for 12C(d, p0)13C reaction in the energy range of 600 –200 keV at a detection angle of 165º, all in the laboratory reference system.
Several experimental cross-section datasets for the 12C(d, p0)13C (Q=2.73 MeV) reaction have been published at various deuteron beam energies and different angles of detection [1-3]....
Monte Carlo and Collapsed Cone algorithms are widely used for dosimetric verification and calibration of linear accelerators in external beam radiotherapy. This study presents a comparative dosimetric verification of both models at different depths and field sizes using an Elekta linear accelerator. The goal is to assess the agreement between theoretical dose distributions and measured data, a...
A new approach, PDF2ISR, constructing an initial state parton shower which is fully consistent with the parton densities is applied to Drell-Yan production.
PDF2ISR is implemented inside the Pythia8 event generator and allows a full comparison with measurements.
This new approach is systematically cross checked with predictions using the same parton densities, including Transverse Momentum...
The operation of high-voltage electrical substations in or near residential areas has raised public concern about potential adverse health effects from chronic exposure to power-frequency electromagnetic fields. This study aims to assess the intensity of electromagnetic fields around several substations in Tirana city, Albania, and evaluate compliance with international safety guidelines....
Air pollution in Brasov city is a subject of high interest for authorities and researchers due to its impact on human activities as well as due to the specific conditions found in this region – from geographical conditions affecting the pollutant dispersion to the sustained high air pollution levels. Of particular concern were the infringement procedures from the European Commission against...
This study provides an overview of the evolution and status of particle accelerators and their applications in Türkiye. It presents a comprehensive review of national projects, graduate institutes, research infrastructures, international collaborations, and scientific events. The progress of the Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) and the establishment and research potential of the TARLA facility...
Based on two recent papers [1]-[2] we discuss the enlarging of the Standard Model - up to six fermion generations and two different Higgs doublets, while keeping the same gauge group $SU(3)_{c}\otimes SU(2)_{L}\otimes U(1)_{Y}$ undergoing the SSB to $SU(3)_{c}\otimes U(1)_{em}$ - in order to have it predicting (i) the quantization of both electric and weak charges; (ii) the muon anomalous...
This study investigates the primary factors influencing regional climate variability in South-Eastern Europe, focusing on the role of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and its internal and external drivers. The analysis considers the impacts of the lower stratospheric ozone, geomagnetic field variations, solar activity, galactic cosmic rays (GCR), and atmospheric CO2. By applying both...
‘Fluffy’ hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a-C:H) was synthesized using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma, driven by nanosecond high-voltage pulses at 1 kHz frequency in a helium–butane mixture [1,2,3]. The a-C:H samples were characterized by various microscopy and spectroscopic techniques. The results show that a-C:H samples exhibit infrared absorption features that closely match those...
NEPHEWS – the Neutrons and Photons Elevating Worldwide Science – is an Horizon Europe Co-funded project-based access program targeting new and non-expert users and user communities, driven by the neutron and photon European user communities [1]. It delivers access to the world-class collective of Europe’s premiere open advanced neutron, synchrotron and free-electron laser complementary...
Here, we generalize the 2d description of gravity theory via a self-interacting class of topological BF models to an arbitrary, even spacetime dimension, greater or equal to 8 (the 4d and 6d cases have been analyzed previously and were shown to lead to several types of couplings). Our methodology relies on a variant of deformation method based on a local cohomological BRST approach in the...
In this talk we will describe a new, simple and robust method for generating long-range Bessel-Gaussian beams with divergences on the microradian scale. The approach is entirely based on singular and Fourier optics. Initially, an optical vortex (OV) with a high topological charge (~20 and higher; [1]) is formed on the input Gaussian laser beam with a flat wavefront. Due to the modulation...
Starting from the Lagrangian formulation of a special class of interacting topological BF models in an arbitrary even spacetime dimension deduced previously by a particular deformation method, here we investigate its Hamiltonian roots in the light of the general result according to which each theory with nontrivial gauge symmetries at the Lagrangian level always originates in a system subject...
In the 18th and 19th centuries, fresco painting in the Balkans evolved under the influence of political shifts, religious continuity, and cultural exchange. Despite Ottoman rule, Orthodox Christian traditions remained strong, blending with local and folk elements to create a unique artistic language. These frescoes became not only religious symbols but also quiet affirmations of cultural...
CT scanning examination is rapidly increased in Albania especially during and after coronavirus pandemic crisis. Having the highest dose procedures encountered in medical imaging, radiation dose in CT scans is of crucial consideration so, by prioritizing quality control (QC) of these x-ray medical devices all healthcare professionals can ensure not only optimal image quality but also...
An important way to characterize the overall features of high-energy nuclear collisions is to analyze the transverse momentum distributions of produced particles. In these collisions, the differences in shape between the positive and negative pion transverse momentum spectra at low pT can be used to study the Coulomb final-state interaction. The charged pions, as the most abundantly produced...
In this work we present some inversion algorithms used for minimally doubled fermions and a comparative study of them in the case of a specific class of MDF: Boriçi – Creutz fermions.
We have studied three main algorithms: Biconjugate gradient stabilized method BICGStab, the Conjugate Gradient method applied to the Normal Equations CGNE and Generalized minimal residual method GMRES, used for...
Two particle correlations have shown the presence of long-range rapidity correlations in small collision systems. Several other measurements provided insight into the unexpected collective behaviour similar to the one exhibited in heavy-ion collisions. These properties can be explained by several models, which consider a microscopic description like PYTHIA 8 and a macroscopic treatment as...
The increasing use of X-rays and gamma rays in medical applications has heightened the demand for effective radiation shielding materials to mitigate the harmful effects of ionizing radiation. While traditional lead aprons are effective in providing radiation protection, their significant weight and inflexibility, coupled with the toxicity of lead, pose considerable health risks. This study...
Rapid identification of malignant cells from cavity serous fluids (pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, etc.) stand for rich sources of diagnostic information and treatment strategies. High content information embedded in the hyperspectral images taken with CytoViva microscope facility and analyzed with automated statistical algorithms, meet the needs for fast and accurate classification of...
High-temperature corrosion protection of low-alloy steel in steam generators of nuclear power plants is provided by a layer of magnetite. The presence of various small molecules in the cooling system affects the flow-assisted corrosion processes. The molecular dynamics (MD) method allows for an in-depth analysis of the mechanism and extent of adsorption of such molecules on magnetite at the...
We report results of computational studies investigating the electron transfer between the dye and the TiO2 nanocluster as well as between the electrolyte and the dye, to understand the mechanisms that influence the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. By means of density functional theory calculations, we determine the parameters of Marcus’ theory for charge transfer from a...
Nowadays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is frequently used in diagnosis, due to its non-invasiveness on the one hand and its high soft tissue contrast on the other. Due to these attributes, MRI is an important method for the characterization of pelvic masses.
This study explores the role of various MRI sequences in characterizing pelvic masses, focusing on the physical principles...
In nano-electronic technology, the overall thermal reliability is recognized by the temperature of the hottest zone on the die. Accordingly, the transistor with a lower maximum temperature is easier kept under the working threshold temperature. Thus, the material selection and also the heat spreader design, as the thermal management solutions for controlling the temperature of the hotspots,...
NEPHEWS – the Neutrons and Photons Elevating Worldwide Science – is an Horizon Europe Co-funded project-based access program targeting new and non-expert users and user communities, driven by the neutron and photon European user communities [1]. It delivers access to the world-class collective of Europe’s premiere open advanced neutron, synchrotron and free-electron laser complementary...
The effect of the interaction of nonlinear excitations with extended inhomogeneities in an on-site anisotropic Heisenberg spin chain is probed numerically. Inhomogeneity corresponds to a segment consisting of consecutive spins on the chain that are subjected to an inhomogeneous magnetic field. To describe the behavior of the spin chain, we derive the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) of the...
Despite its great success, the general theory of relativity is not the final theory of gravity. In addition to other problems, some shortcomings of the standard model of cosmology led to the search for a more general theory of gravity. One of the promising lines of research is the nonlocal theory of gravity. In this talk, I will present a simple nonlocal de Sitter gravity, its several exact...
Extreme Light Infrastructure - Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP) was implemented as part of the pan-European Extreme Light Infrastructure project with the aim to use extreme electromagnetic fields for nuclear physics studies and related topics. The physics case of ELI-NP is based on two state-of-the-art sources of extreme light: a high-power laser system and an intense gamma beam system. A broad range...
Microlensing is an effective tool for constraining the properties of compact dark matter candidates, such as Primordial Black Holes (PBHs). Standard photometric observations of microlensing events offer insights into the mass and spatial distribution of PBHs. However, degeneracies between the lensing parameters often limit the precision of these measurements. One promising approach to overcome...
Polarization mapping refers to the process of measuring and visualizing the spatial distribution of the polarization state across a light beam. It reveals how the polarization varies from point to point in space showing, e.g., regions with radial, azimuthal, or elliptical polarization [1-3]. Polarization mapping is essential in analyzing vector beams, structured light, and beams with spatially...
Laser-driven experiments are strongly influenced by non ideal temproral profile of laser pulse. Laser main pulse is preceded by by low a long low intensity prepulse. Prepulse intensity is up to $10^{14}$ times smaller then main pulse intensity but its duration can reach 2.5 ns [1]. During the prepulse the target is heated up and preplasma appears in front of the target. Preplasma influences...
The notions of chaos and order are central to understanding the statistical physics of many-body systems. Thermalization and the spread of quantum information in chaotic many-body dynamics is presently attracting a lot of attention across various fields, ranging from statistical physics via cold atom physics to quantum gravity. Starting from the concept of a ”quantum butterfly effect”, this...
The presence of radionuclides in water poses potential risk for health effects, especially when these radionuclides are deposited in human body through drinking. To assesspublic effective dose due to gross alpha and beta in water, 56 tap water samples were collected from different areas in the different cities of Albania. According to Albanian legislation, Article 6, the gross alpha/beta...
The interaction of ultrashort femtosecond laser pulses with dielectric media reveals a new mechanism for trapping particles into the pulse envelope through a longitudinal optical force [1]. The effect is due to the linear and nonlinear polarization of the media and works for pulses with intensities, significantly below from the well-studied multiphoton and tunnel ionization regimes. Unlike...
Quantum Dynamics in Multiple Quantum Dots Systems
Tatiana Mihaescu^{1}, Aurelian Isar^{1}, and Mihai A. Macovei^{2}
{}^{1} National Institute of Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Reactorului 30, RO-077125, Măgurele-Bucharest, Romania
{}^{2} Institute of Applied Physics, Moldova State University, Chișinău, Moldova
*E-mail: mihai.macovei@ifa.usm.md
Light-matter interactions...
Recent interest in quantum dynamics of electronic excitations in molecular semiconductors and photosynthetic molecular aggregates [1] is motivated by the prospect of optoelectronic applications that could harness quantum effects and enhance charge and energy transport. Typically, the coupling of charges or excitons to quantum lattice vibrations lies in the intermediate regime, whose reasonable...
The LHC experiments provide measurements of Standard Model production cross sections with unprecedented precision, which is essential for making new discoveries and exploring potential new physics. These measurements offer crucial input for cutting-edge theoretical model calculations, as well as for the development of new models. This presentation reviews recent Standard Model physics...
Abstract: Technical and technological innovations are increasingly finding their application in modern education, making it more attractive and economically accessible. Namely, especially in nuclear physics, instruments can be extremely expensive and very sensitive, which makes it significantly difficult for schools to use them [1]. Also, schools cannot own radioactive sources, which is an...
Abstract:
The problem of seasonal and diurnal variations of ozone concentrations and their relationship with meteorological parameters is investigated for Craiova, Romania. By analysing hourly and seasonal trends, this study aims to identify peak ozone formation periods and the key environmental factors influencing their variability. The dataset comprises hourly ozone and meteorological data,...
Detailed studies of the interlayer Seebeck effect of organic conductor α-(BEDT-TTF)2KHg(SCN)4 as a function of temperature, magnetic field strength, and field orientation are reported. We find that the formation of the CDW0 state is mainly due to the Fermi surface reconstruction as a result of the magnetic breakdown effect since the onset magnetic field for this state is near the magnetic...
Secure quantum teleportation is essential for reliable transfer of quantum information across distant locations. It paves the way for future quantum networks and quantum communication systems. Consideration of an input squeezed thermal state is more realistic and appropriate for many applications because of losses caused by interaction with environment. The secure teleportation is conditioned...
Skin cancer, classified into basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (both nonmelanoma), and melanoma, is the most prevalent form of cancer worldwide. The pathogenesis of skin cancer is multifactorial, but the main causative agent is ultraviolet (UV) radiation[1]. The growing interest in natural UV photoprotective agents highlights the significance of phytochemicals as...
A current challenge in terahertz (THz) science [1] is to produce broadband THz pulses with mJ-level energies, which can be achieved by irradiating solid targets at relativistic laser intensities. In this regime, coherent transition radiation from electron bunches exiting the rear plasma boundary of fully ionized matter may lead to intense THz emissions characterized by a mJ-to-Joule energy...
Nenad Dj. Lazarov
Department of Theoretical Physics and Condensed Matter Physics (020), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
Email:lazarov@vinca.rs
ORCID ID Nenad Dj. Lazarov is: 0000-0003-3173-9636
Abstract. Hans Adolph Buchdahl was born in Mainz in German in a Jewish family....
PURPOSE:
In many institutions, tumors, and organs at risk contours are delineated manually; this is also costly and time-consuming. Recently, various automatic contouring methods have been developed to address these problems. However, these methods may not provide accurate contours for the physicians. One of the reasons is that most autocontouring algorithm results have been produced on CT...
The Hubbard model, originally formulated to describe electron interactions in lattices, provides a powerful framework for understanding collective phenomena in complex systems. In this work, we adapt the Hubbard model to the study of social networks, drawing parallels between quantum many-body interactions and the dynamics of opinion formation, influence propagation, and polarization. The...
The teaching of natural sciences in general, and physics in particular, has been transformed over the past decades under the influence of technology. The flexible working environments provided by programming languages have a considerable influence on the comprehension of Physics. This paper aims to demonstrate, through concrete results, the impact of using Python on improving the...
Abstract
The rise in skin cancer incidence, notably melanoma and nonmelanoma types, is a significant global public health concern. This increase has been attributed to greater ultraviolet (UV) exposure and insufficient use of photoprotection, particularly in older adults and men [1]. While synthetic sunscreens are widely used, concerns about their safety and environmental persistence have...
Nenad Dj. Lazarov
Department of Theoretical Physics and Condensed Matter Physics (020), Institute of Nuclear Sciences Vinča-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, P.O. Box 522, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia.
Email:lazarov@vinca.rs
ORCID ID Nenad Dj. Lazarov is: 0000-0003-3173-9636
Abstract. This paper will consider the behavior of the velocity obtained from...
The thermal properties of materials are important for the development of various modern technologies. In particular, thermoelectric energy conversion and thermal barrier require materials with ultra-low thermal conductivity. Lattice vibration dominates heat transport in insulating solids; recent theoretical studies suggested that both propagation and diffuson-like behaviors of phonons can play...
In 2024, the newly installed photovoltaic solar power plant capacity was about 600GWp, together with this the
total global PV power capacity was over 2 Terawatt peak. In 2025, it is expected that a new photovoltaic
installation could reach 700Gwp in 2025 [1]. The last two decades, p-n junctions manufactured on single
crystal (mono) silicon wafers have been dominating silicon photovoltaic...
Ultra-short laser pulse generation, along with extreme nonlinear processes such as high-harmonic generation, are extensively studied and actively evolving areas in modern photonics. Since their discovery, researchers have been addressing challenges like spectral broadening, filamentation, pulse and beam diagnostics, pulse amplification, and coherent beam recombination.
A key application...
Radon (²²²Rn) is a carcinogenic, inert noble gas that is undetectable indoors by human senses due to its odorless, colorless, tasteless, and silent nature.
This study aims to (1) measure the Indoor Radon Concentration (IRC) in 840 Mosque-Minarets (MMs) across Muğla Province (13 districts) in Southwestern Turkey, (2) examine the relationship between IRC and Soil Radon Concentration (SRC) in...
The study of rotational flows of an inviscid incompressible fluid with free boundary is of high theoretical and practical interest (e.g., the evolution of surface waves on the ocean, their approximation by model equations, the dynamics of wave interactions). The vorticity is the key quantity in the analysis of the fluid motion.
We consider a two-dimensional water-wave problem with a general...
